Building a Shared Vision

INTRODUCTION

The core premise for all ministry is to build on the foundation of God’s Word with faithfulness to God’s vision for the church.  The vision must stay focused on the priority to glorify God and bear the fruit of new converts.  The vision must follow the process of discipleship, unity, and partnership.

Our trust must always be first in the power of the Holy Spirit, who will anoint our vision and our work to build a life-giving church through the empowering ministry of the Holy Spirit.

The vision must be shared by people committed to prayer, spiritual disciplines, humility, integrity, and obedience to God.  The pastor will have to be a faithful shepherd who is willing to trust, equip, empower, and lead as one who truly walks in the power of the Holy Spirit.

The vision must be shared by lay leaders who yield themselves in sacrificial service to fulfill the passion God has placed in their hearts.  These lay leaders have been recruited, trained and trusted to stay the course.  They have a clear personal statement of purpose that directs their efforts to see God’s vision for their church become a reality.

1) Laying the Groundwork for Building a Shared Vision

Leaders get impatient with “process” and they want to know, “How fast can I get through these stages of groundwork?”  These early stages are not highly visible and leaders sometimes become overly eager to start the real work and get meaningful results.

Laying the groundwork is critical to the ultimate success of the process.  When the implementation of the vision begins, the likelihood of controversy, resistance, or apathy will increase significantly.  Either the congregation will not understand why change is necessary, or they may refuse to support the vision.

The early stages of the process enable the pastor and other key leaders to demonstrate why change is needed and why this vision is right.  The first stages in building a shared vision bring the church to the point of being prepared to change and allow the new vision to bring about the needed transformation.  [The following stages are drawn from the book “Leading Congregational Change,” Herrington, Bonem, & Furr]

STAGE ONE - Personal Preparation

Prepare yourself and key leaders to be ready for the journey of casting the vision and building unity within the congregation.  Effective leaders continually hold up the mission and vision of the church as a basis for unity.  They call people to commitment by describing and pursuing the Biblical mission of the church.  The mission then becomes a foundation that allows the Holy Spirit to work in the hearts of people.

Unity can come out of people’s commitment to God’s mission and through the development of spiritual maturity and vitality.

Personal Preparation involves:

  • Consistent practice of spiritual disciplines
  • Focusing on what God wants to do in the future to clarify how you can be mission driven
  • Conducting an honest self-assessment and determining to immediately address issues that become clear
  • Being accountable to peers and/or a mentor
  • Proactively addressing problems
  • Determining to stay humble and open to God
  • Finding the right speed for your process of bringing change and transformation

The key challenge for Stage One is committing enough time and energy to starting right and coping with the stress of the process.

STAGE TWO – Create a Sense of Urgency

Communicating to the church the urgency of working through the process of committing to God’s vision and bringing about transformation is critical.  Urgency is critical for congregational change and transformation because it becomes a driving force motivating compliance and commitment.

A sense of urgency can cause people to start asking the right questions.  In a negative sense, it can also create conflict, denial, and resignation as some people resist needed change.  Many people do not want to feel the discomfort of admitting needs.

Creating urgency involves:

  • Correctly identifying current realities
  • Communicating these realities to everyone
  • Conducting a congregational assessment
  • Being open to feedback
  • Promoting honest and constructive criticism as appreciated and necessary
  • Making the status quo unacceptable

The key challenge will be that Stage Two makes people uncomfortable and will cause some resistance.

STAGE THREE – Engage the core of leaders in casting the vision

Moving a church to a new or expanded vision must not be the sole undertaking of the pastor. Building a trusting relationship with a core of key lay leaders is absolutely necessary.  This is where stage one and stage two can often be best accomplished by launching the Lay Leadership Development program.  Six months or even one year of mentoring of key leaders will expand the core of leaders to where you can quickly move beyond Stage Three.

Stage Three – just as Level One in Lay Leadership Development, involves:

  • Involving a diverse community
  • Training and encouraging growth and personal development
  • Building unity, trust, and consensus
  • Promoting personal accountability with each lay leader in relation to their passion and calling
  • Additional training where needed, combined with regular group meetings
  • Finding the connection between the lay leader’s personal hopes and aspirations and the clarified vision
  • Lay Leadership Development engaging within the group a collaborative process of discernment and decision making

The key challenge in Stage Three is to create an environment in which people are led to a dimension of unity, commitment, and trust.  Stage Three then involves the recruiting and training of lay leaders, who will make up the visionary leadership group of core influencers.

2) Communicating the Vision

When the pastor is spiritually prepared and a core team of visionary leaders is ready, the vision must be communicated to the entire congregation. The core leaders already have committed themselves to the vision and are ready to lead others towards God’s will and toward the renewing and transforming of the local church.

STAGE FOUR – Communicating the Vision

A vision is a clear, shared, and compelling picture of the preferred future to which God is calling the church.  Achieving God’s vision always requires the deep commitment of a group of individuals, not just the pastor.

Discerning and articulating the vision must be done in stages one to three when the pastor and key lay leaders unite around the vision.  During this process in stages one to three, the vision will become perfected and made ready for stage four.

The pastor will always play a central leadership role in discerning and clarifying the vision.  However, the vision will also merge with the visions of the individual key lay leaders so that the final shared vision reflects the commitment and consensus of the core group.

Without a mentoring program such as Lay Leadership Development, it can be very difficult for a pastor to find a positive way to make the transition from his/her vision to a genuinely shared vision celebrated in unity.

Jesus told His disciples, “You are the light of the world.  A city that is set on a hill cannot be hidden.  Nor do they light a lamp and put it under a basket, but on a lamp stand, and it gives light to all who are in the house,” (Matthew 5:14,15).

In the same way, we must proclaim God’s vision to the local body of believers.  The local church leadership team publicly communicates the vision and how the vision will change the church in a positive way.

The communication stage is to be ongoing and will use various methods to keep the vision clear, up-front, and alive to sustain the process of transformation.  Most churches under-communicate the vision!  The vision must be restated on a frequent basis (perhaps every week).    It is unrealistic to expect the total congregation to ever come to understand and support the vision without adequate interaction, training, and support.

People learn in different ways and they hear through different filters.  Constant and varied communication is necessary.  The more the vision is communicated and celebrated as vital will reinforce or signal to the congregation that this is priority – it is essential.

Communicating the vision involves:

  • An explicit communication strategy
  • Core group leading the congregation using various methods to build unity for the vision
  • Selecting words, phrases, and analogies that will be owned by the congregation to communicate and remember the vision
  • Repeating, repeating, repeating
  • Getting feedback on the vision and the methods used for communication.

The key challenge in communicating the vision is to find enough creative ways to enable everyone to understand God’s vision for the future.

3) Keep the Vision Alive and the Process Moving

Reaching the goals of a shared vision is something that “the pastor cannot do this alone!”  Stage five is best accomplished by an equipping pastor who is continuing to mentor lay leaders through Lay Leadership Development and thus expanding the local church’s core group of trustworthy leaders.

STAGE FIVE – Empowering Lay Leaders

Developing and mentoring lay leaders establishes a new model for leadership within the local church.  It also removes many obstacles that have prevented or destroyed unity and cooperation.

Broadening the base or expanding the core of leadership requires that the pastor trust others and delegate responsibility.  It requires that the lay leaders live worthy of trust and accept the responsibility to follow their passion and be accountable to other lay leaders.

Empowering lay leaders involves:

  • Constant recruiting, training, and trusting
  • Mentoring
  • Delegating
  • Accountability
  • Trusting people in leadership to be creative and to take some risks
  • Facilitating change without destroying needed structure
  • Communicating the value and importance of change
  • Not breaking the rules needed to maintain stability and trust

The key challenge in Stage Five is to keep cultivating new leaders and expanding the core through pastoral mentoring and lay leadership development.  A danger is that the pastor will undervalue the importance of continuing to personally mentor new leaders and further expand the core of trustworthy lay leaders.

Maintaining growth and a widespread impact of the vision requires commitment to working this process and keeping lay leaders focused, motivated, and spiritually strong.

CONCLUSION

The process of Lay Leadership Development will work in any church and can enable a committed few to lead the implementation of a new vision and spiritual transformation within the church.

When a church is declining, leaders often try to implement some new change but fail to build a foundation and core vision group to produce growth and new life.

Successful implementation of a vision requires coordination, consensus, commitment, and positive expectation.  The larger the core group of trustworthy lay leaders, the greater the success of implementing God’s vision.

First things first…the pastor is the key to building a shared vision.  Becoming an equipper and a mentor of lay leaders must become a high priority for the pastor.  Then with patience, the pastor must work the process – recruit, train, and trust people who are necessary for the vision to become a reality.

In order to build a shared vision, we must build a leadership team of laity whose gifts, passions, and resources are fully committed to God’s vision for their church.  When a team of lay leaders dialogue, connect, treat one another as colleagues, and hold each other accountable for leadership integrity, great things happen and radical spiritual transformation is possible!

Forward in Faith – 02/24/2002, The Perl of Great Price – Matthew 13

Listen To This Sermon 
Forward in Faith presents a powerful message of the word of God. Now in his 12th year as speaker, Rev. Loran Livingston brings a message of hope and inspiration from the pulpit of the 6,000-member Central Church of God in Charlotte, NC.

Forward in Faith – 03/10/2002, The Net of Fish – Matthew 13:47

Listen To This Sermon 
Forward in Faith presents a powerful message of the word of God. Now in his 12th year as speaker, Rev. Loran Livingston brings a message of hope and inspiration from the pulpit of the 6,000-member Central Church of God in Charlotte, NC.

Forward in Faith – 04/14/2002, Forgive One Another – Matthew 18

Listen To This Sermon 
Forward in Faith presents a powerful message of the word of God. Now in his 12th year as speaker, Rev. Loran Livingston brings a message of hope and inspiration from the pulpit of the 6,000-member Central Church of God in Charlotte, NC.

Great Things About the Devil

Matthew 4:1-10 – Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil. And when he had fasted forty days and forty nights, he was afterward an hungred. And when the tempter came to him, he said, If thou be the Son of God, command that these stones be made bread. But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God. Then the devil taketh him up into the holy city, and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple, And saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down: for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone. Jesus said unto him, It is written again,

Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God. Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them; And saith unto him, All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me. Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve (KJV).

Introduction and Setting

To speak of great things about the devil sounds absurd. From our knowledge of him in the Word we conclude there is nothing good about him. We know that he is the accuser of the brethren (Revelation 12:10), our adversary (I Peter 5:8), and the dragon (Revelation 20:2). He is mentioned by name 175 times in the Bible. Anyone who would claim there is no real devil is simply peddling their ignorance of the Bible. Billy Sunday once said, “I know there is a real devil because I’ve done business with him.”

There are some great attributes exhibited by the devil that can be of assistance to the believer. Obviously, we should not mimic his character but there are some things we could pay attention to. In my text, Jesus was led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. Evidently there was something Satan could do that would cause Christ to become stronger in the Spirit for when Jesus returned from his temptation He did so in the power of the Spirit.

Note these great things about the devil

First, the devil works hard. First John 3:8 tells us He that committeth sin is of the devil; for the devil sinneth from the beginning. For this purpose the son of man was manifest that he might destroy the works of the devil.

The book of James was the only book of the New Testament which was debated as to its inspiration. Why? Because he was so strong on works. Some thought that James was placing works ahead of grace and justification through faith. All James was endeavoring to do was prove that you cannot remain saved unless you respond in some manner to the love of God. He said, For as the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is dead also (James 2:26).

The target audience of James was Jewish Christians who were adjusting to a new lifestyle. Several Old Testament phrases are used in James (5:4; 2:2; 2:21-23, 25; Job 5:11; 5:17) and it was his desire to attack the perversion of faith. He was spraying weed killer on the root that grows hypocritical Christianity.

Do you know why there are so many lost people in the world? It is because the devil is working. Revelation 12:10 speaks of a time when the devil comes down with great wrath because he knows that he has a short time. We need to work like the devil because we only have a short time to work. Matthew 5:16 reads, Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.

Second, the devil knows more of the Bible than many Christians. He used scripture in his temptation against Jesus. However, he misconscrued the authentic meaning of scripture. A couple of lawyers were talking on the golf course. “I became a Sunday School teacher last week,” said one. The other said, “Oh, I bet you don’t even know the Lord’s prayer.” His friend said, “Oh, yes I do. Now I lay me down to sleep, I pray the Lord my soul to keep.” The other man said, “Wow! I didn’t realize you knew so much about the Bible.”

Psalm 119:11 reads, Thy word have I hid in mine heart, that I might not sin against thee. We must rightly divide the Word of God. In an age where evolution, atheism and false religion abounds it is important that the believer be versed in apologetics. We should know what we believe and why.

Third, the devil varies his plan of attack. You never know how he is going to show up. That is why Peter said, Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour (I Peter 5:8). That is why we are admonished by Paul to give no place to the devil. Wouldn’t it be great if we were as persistent and untiring in our efforts to win the lost as Satan is to win them! Even after tempting Jesus the devil departed from him for a season (Luke
4:13). He never gives up! Neither should we!

Notice an allegory used by Peter for Satan is lion. The lion, which is known as the king of the jungle, blends in with his surroundings. He stalks his prey until the time determined that he can overcome them. However, we can resist Satan with the Word of God.

I am told that a trainer uses his whip to convince the lion that he is stronger than the lion. Lions attack when the trainer runs away. It is only when the trainer faces the lion with the whip that he is able to keep the lion in submission. Now, if I was in a cage with a lion I would be in trouble. I would probably be like the man who was caught stealing watermelons. His friends asked if he heard the farmer firing his gun at him. He said, “Yes, sir, I heard the shots twice. Once when the bullets passed me and then again when I ran pass them.”

When Satan distorted the scripture in his temptation to Christ Jesus turned him away with the Word of God. When Satan knocks at your door send the Bible to answer. We can take confidence in the fact that God will not suffer us to be tempted above that ye are able (I Corinthians 10:13).

Matthew 4:1-10

Matthew 4:1-10 –  Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil. And when he had fasted forty days and forty nights, he was afterward an hungred. And when the tempter came to him, he said, If thou be the Son of God, command that these stones be made bread. But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God. Then the devil taketh him up into the holy city, and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple, And saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down: for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone. Jesus said unto him, It is written again, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God. Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them; And saith unto him, All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me. Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve (KJV).

Phil L. Redding has served as the General Bishop of the Pentecostal Church of God since 2001. The PCG has approximately 1,200 churches stateside and around 6,000 worldwide. Bishop Redding has been ordained since 1979 and has served his movement as pastor, District and National Youth Director, District and Divisional Christian Educational Director, District Secretary Treasurer, as well as other positions. He has written three books and numerous articles.

There was no one more similar to Christ in the Old Testament than the patriarch Joseph. One of ways Joseph was like Jesus was his willingness to forgive those who intended to destroy him.

Denomination: Pentecostal Church of God

How to be a Vital Part of a Ministry Team

INTRODUCTION

The Lay Leadership Development program allows you to be part of a church ministry team and part of a church movement which is organized and committed to all aspects of building the kingdom of God.

Whether your calling is in pastoral ministry, youth ministry, music ministry, children’s ministry, or one of many other areas of specialization, it is essential that you understand the broad spectrum of local church ministries, para-church ministries, and denominational ministries.  The only way a leader can gain the experience and exposure to the total scope of Church of God ministry in a brief time is to work under the guidance of an experienced, trained, and anointed mentor.  A lay leader needs a mentor who has an interest in reproducing himself/herself in other people, and who sees the importance of mentoring and discipling laborers for the harvest.

Lay Leadership Development is a mentoring process.  Thus, Lay Leadership Development is a strategy for internal character transformation whereby the lay leader is held accountable and given the opportunity to develop character, ministerial skills, and qualities of spiritual leadership.  Lay Leadership is both an intense program of character transformation and practical preparation for leadership.  We know that the ungodliness of this world and the human heart will not be challenged by a wimpish, fainthearted, superficial version of Christianity.  The world needs to see vigorous, valiant, vehement commitment to Christ; not passive, lukewarm followers who are afraid to stand up for God.

Lay Leadership Development is not a quick-fix formula for success as a spiritual leader.  It is a mentoring process of leadership which when energized by the Holy Spirit and guided by an anointed supervisor will build insight and confidence into the leader.  Lay Leadership Development equips the leader to proclaim God’s Word, to live by faith, to follow divine direction, and to counsel and encourage people.

The willingness of a pastor to serve as a mentor reflects his/her understanding of the example of Jesus Christ as a discipler, a mentor, and a role model.  Jesus Christ, the Master Discipler, really cared about people and knew that it was not enough to fulfill only His opportunities.  His vision for the whole world required that as part of His ministry He must teach others how to reap the harvest.  Christ knew that others could go where He could not go and reach people whom His life and ministry could not reach.  The man or woman of God who has captured God’s own vision for ministry will give themselves to others in partnership as a discipler and spiritual leader.

Serving as a lay leader directed by a mentoring pastor is a great opportunity to learn and develop.  The mentoring pastor will do as Jesus did and teach character transformation.  Jesus specifically taught His disciples what to be like, not just what to do.  For example, when the disciples wanted to learn to pray, Jesus taught them a pattern for prayer, and taught them a character quality which is dependency.  Although many today know how to pray, few know how to live dependent on God.   Thus, your training is more than learning how to perform or move a crowd; it is learning how to live dependently on God.  Depending on God involves many things, such as, eliminating anxiety, materialistic cravings, and status seeking.

The Biblical way of making disciples begins with establishing a good learning atmosphere among the ministry team.  This atmosphere requires mutual respect, trust, and confidence.  All laity must learn and remember that being a leader means working with people, and that is not always easy.  Interpersonal relationships can make or break a leader.  A leader must be a “people person” who develops and uses skills in activating that most precious of all resources–people.

John C. Maxwell, in his book, Be A People Person says, “The basis of life is people and how they relate to each other.  Our success, fulfillment, and happiness depends upon our ability to relate effectively.  The best way to become a person that others are drawn to is to develop qualities that we are attracted to in others.”

It is important for the lay leaders to manifest toward the mentoring pastor the very qualities he or she enjoys in others.

1) THE GOLDEN RULE FOR LAY LEADERS

We must remember that the key to relating to others is, “Therefore whatever you want others to do for you, do so for them” (Matthew 7:12).

Problems will often develop among the members of a ministry team.  If you are aware of a problem, it is your responsibility to make a sincere effort to facilitate a positive change.  You should determine to be an initiator of change not a reactor to problems.  For example, some mentoring pastors start off failing to follow the guidelines of Lay Leadership Development.  They may not have the weekly sharing sessions which are required or they may fail to conduct the monthly seminars or some other essential requirement.  The lay leader is not to be a reactor by just complaining; he or she should quickly initiate with the pastor changes that will resolve the problem.

2) WAYS YOU WANT OTHERS TO TREAT YOU

A) You want others to encourage you

Most of our best friends have been those who encouraged us.  The members of the ministry team must encourage each other.  It has been said that, “. . . the happiest people are those who have invested their time in others.  The unhappiest people are those who wonder how the world is going to make them happy.”

B) You want others to appreciate you

William James said, “The deepest principle in human nature is the craving to be appreciated.”  We should often express appreciation to our mentor and to the congregation for the opportunity to serve and grow.

In order for others to treat us with respect and appreciation, there are certain principles that we should remember.

  1. We cannot underestimate the value of a person.
  2. Don’t take advantage of people.
  3. Give people the credit they deserve.
  4. Act quickly to make things right.
  5. Never embarrass anyone in any situation.
  6. Seek advice from others.
  7. Be fair and honest in everything.
  8. Do not show favoritism.
C) You want others to forgive you

Most of our emotional problems and anxieties come from unresolved conflicts or failing to have developed right relationships with people.  “A forgiving spirit is the one basic, necessary ingredient for a solid relationship,” according to John Maxwell. The unfortunate truth is that many of us, instead of offering total forgiveness, pray something like this Irish prayer:

“May those who love us, love us; and those who don’t love us may, God turn their hearts; and if He doesn’t turn their hearts, may He turn their ankles, so we’ll know them by their limping.”

John Maxwell said:
“People who find it difficult to forgive don’t see themselves realistically.  They are either terribly arrogant or tremendously insecure.”  Forgiveness should be given as quickly and as totally as possible.

If you are to live victoriously, you must quit keeping score of the injustices that have happened.  You must learn that in the ministry there will be many times when you will experience hurts and strained relationships.  People will curse you, tell you where to go, how to get there, and offer their assistance.  The man or woman of God must not hold any grudges or carry any resentments against others. You must not let others control your emotions or what happens inside your mind.

D) You want others to listen to you

The ability to listen to people and show an accurate level of empathy is a necessary skill in any helping ministry or profession.  As people advance in positions of authority, they often develop a lack of patience in listening to those under them.  A deaf ear is the first indication of a closed mind.  The larger a church and staff gets the less the senior pastor may listen to people.  Yet that is when he/she needs to listen to those on the firing line the most.  If leaders do not form the habit of listening carefully and intelligently, then they will not get all the facts they need and people will resent their decisions.

E) You want others to understand you

Communication is fundamental to understanding.  If you want the mentoring pastor to understand you, then you must be open and willing to communicate often and in an appropriate way.  Of course, the pastor must show an interest in you and be a good listener, not just a good talker.

Remembering and practicing these principles will help you to develop the qualities that we all admire in others.  Important words which might be used with these five principles are:

  1. You can do it/you did a good job – encouragement.
  2. Thank you – appreciation.
  3. I forgive you – forgiveness.
  4. What do you think?  or What is your opinion? – listening.
  5. I want to know you better – understanding.

The lay leaders and the mentoring pastor form a team.  They should work close together to solve problems, care for people, reach the lost, and build the body of Christ.

3) A PICTURE OF A WINNING TEAM

In the book, Developing the Leader Within You, John Maxwell describes many characteristics needed in church leadership in order to build a winning pastoral team.  Maxwell pointed out that winning teams have great leaders who know how to motivate others and create an environment for success.  Excellent leaders show interest and care in their team members by their words and actions.

When H. Ross Perot was putting together a team for a new company his motto was, “Eagles don’t flock.  You have to find them one at a time.”  He was saying that you can’t build a strong team on weak individuals.

Adlai E. Stevenson said that there are only three rules of sound administrators:  pick good people; tell them not to cut corners; and back them to the limits.  Picking good people is the most important.  In Maxwell’s book, he lists the “top 20” personal requirements to look for in a potential staff member.

They are as follows:

  1. Positive Attitude – the ability to see people and situations in a positive way.
  2. *High Energy Level – strength and stamina to work hard and not wear down.
  3. Personal Warmth – a manner that draws people to them.
  4. Integrity – trustworthy, good solid character, words and walk are consistent.
  5. Responsible – always “comes through,” no excuses; job delegated-job done.
  6. Good Self-image – feels good about self, others, and life.
  7. *Mental Horsepower – ability to keep learning as the job expands.
  8. Leadership Ability – has high influence over others.
  9. Followership Ability – willingness to submit, play team ball, and follow the leader.
  10. *Absence of Personal Problems – personal, family, and business life are in order.
  11. People Skills – the ability to draw people and develop them.
  12. Sense of Humor – enjoys life, fails to take self too seriously.
  13. *Resilience – able to “bounce back” when problems arise.
  14. *Track Record – has experience and success, hopefully in two or more situations.
  15. Great Desire – hungers for growth and personal development.
  16. Self-discipline – willing to “pay the price” and handle success.
  17. Creative – ability to see solutions and fix problems.
  18. Flexibility – not afraid of change; fluid; flows as the organization grows.
  19. Sees “Big Picture” – able to look beyond personal interest and see the total picture.
  20. *Intuitive – able to discern and sense a situation without tangible data.

*These things probably cannot be taught.  The others can be taught with a proper mentor, environment, and willingness by the staff member.  Most of the qualities in the above list can be evaluated with a couple of interviews and tests.

The Lay Leadership Development program is designed to help improve your strengths in many of these areas and equip you as an effective lay leader in partnership with the pastoral team.  Remember that the growth and development of people is the highest calling of leadership.

CONCLUSION

If we are not self-motivated and Spirit controlled, no pastor can make us a vital part of his/her team.  Apathy and non-participation by Christians are the curse of the church today and cannot be tolerated in lay leaders.  It is the responsibility of the mentoring pastor and the church to provide a climate in which leaders can fit, be a vital part of the team, and be motivated.  Lay Leadership Development does not contain manipulative gimmickry to motivate laity.  Either they have the fire and passion for soul winning, leadership, and service, or they don’t.  Also, if a mentoring pastor doesn’t have it in him; he can’t teach it or give it away.

If the lay person does not possess teachability, flexibility, and humility, no amount of modeling will make him/her a real leader.  If a mentoring pastor is not selfless, courageous, caring, and highly competent in ministerial skills, no amount of motivating will make him/her an effective leader.

The mentoring pastor and lay leader must see themselves as part of a team with specific roles to be carried out with mutual respect and commitment bringing about a life-changing experience for both of them.

The Doctrine of the Holy Spirit

INTRODUCTION

Many books on New Testament theology written in the last 100 years do not address the doctrine of the Holy Spirit.  Perhaps this is because of much confusion and denial concerning the Person and work of the Holy Spirit.  However, the Doctrine of the Holy Spirit is vital to the faith of every Christian.  The New Testament is full of references to the work of the Holy Spirit and each Gospel begins with a promise of the Spirit’s outpouring.

The Holy Spirit is a co-equal member of the divine, eternal, infinite, and Trinitarian godhead.  He has been active from eternity past.  In the Old Testament period, the Spirit did not normally abide with or indwell Mankind.  The Holy Spirit came upon people temporarily, to inspire or enable them for a specific task.

Pentecost marked the beginning of a new period in the Holy Spirit’s relationship to humanity, when He came to indwell believers.  The Holy Spirit came to inhabit the Church.  Pentecost has been described as the birthday of the Holy Spirit (Augustine), and as the birthday of the church of earth.

Jesus came to earth to reveal the work of the Father through the law and the prophets.  Christ is the fulfillment of the law, the perfect sacrifice, the high priest of our salvation, and the author and finisher of our faith.

Just as Jesus came to earth to reveal the Father, so the Holy Spirit came to reveal the glorified Son of God.  The Holy Spirit is the successor to the work of Jesus Christ.  John the Baptist proclaimed that he baptized in water unto repentance but that Jesus would baptize with the Holy Spirit (Matthew 3:1-5,11).

In John 14-16, Jesus promised His disciples that, after His ascension, He would pray to the Father that He would send to them another Comforter.

Remember the word that I said unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord.  If they have persecuted me, they will also persecute you; if they have kept my saying, they will keep yours also.  But all these things will they do unto you for my name’s sake, because they know not him that sent me.  If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin: but now they have no cloke for their sin.  He that hateth me hateth my Father also.  If I had not done among them the works which none other man did, they had not had sin: but now have they both seen and hated both me and my Father.  But this cometh to pass, that the word might be fulfilled that is written in their law, They hated me without a cause.  But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me: And ye also shall bear witness, because ye have been with me from the beginning (John 15:20-27).

Nevertheless I tell you the truth; It is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you; but if I depart, I will send him unto you.  And when he is come, he will reprove the world of sin, and of righteousness, and of judgment: Of sin, because they believe not on me; Of righteousness, because I go to my Father, and ye see me no more; Of judgment, because the prince of this world is judged” (John 16:7-11).

“Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth: for he shall not speak of himself; but whatsoever he shall hear, that shall he speak: and he will show you things to come.  He shall glorify me: for he shall receive of mine, and shall show it unto you” (John 16:13-14).

1) The Deity of the Holy Spirit

The deity of the Holy Spirit means that He is one with God and one in the Godhead: co-equal, co-eternal, and co-substantial with the Father and the Son.

A) Divine Names Given to the Holy Spirit

1) He is called “God”

But Peter said, Ananias, why hath Satan filled thine heart to lie to the Holy Ghost, and to keep back part of the price of the land?  Whiles it remained, was it not thine own? And after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? Why hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? Thou hast not lied unto men, but unto God (Acts 5:3-4).

2) He is called “Lord”

“But we all, with open face beholding as in a glass the glory of the Lord, are changed into the same image from glory to glory, even as by the Spirit of the Lord” (2 Corinthians 3:18).

B) Divine Attributes Ascribed to the Holy Spirit

1) Eternity

“How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?” (Hebrews 9:14)

2) Omnipresence

“Whither shall I go from thy spirit?  Or whither shall I flee from thy presence?  If I ascend up into heaven, thou art there: if I make my bed in hell, behold, thou art there.  If I take the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea; Even there shall thy hand lead me, and thy right hand shall hold me” (Psalm 139:7-10).

3) Omnipotence

“And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God” (Luke 1:35).

4) Omniscience

“But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit: for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God.  For what man knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of man which is in him?  Even so the things of God knoweth no man, but the Spirit of God” (1 Corinthians 2:10-11).

C) Divine works are performed by the Holy Spirit

The Holy Spirit is the author of both physical and spiritual life.

“The Spirit of God hath made me, and the breath of the Almighty hath given me life” (Job 33:4).

“But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwelleth in you” (Romans 8:11).

D) The Holy Spirit is the author of divine prophecy

“For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost” (2 Peter 1:21).

2) The Names of the Holy Spirit

A) The Spirit of God

The Spirit is the Executor of the will of God, working in every sphere, both physical and spiritual.  Through the Spirit God created and preserves the universe.  Through the Spirit – “the finger of God” (Luke 11:20) – God works in the spiritual sphere, converting sinners and sanctifying and sustaining believers.

B) The Spirit of Christ

There is no essential distinction between the Spirit of God, the Spirit of Christ, and the Holy Spirit.  For there is only one Holy Spirit, as there can be only one God and one Son.

“There is one body, and one Spirit, even as ye are called in one hope of your calling; one Lord, one faith, one baptism, one God and Father of all, who is above all, and through all, and in you all” (Ephesians 4:4-6).

The one Spirit has many names descriptive of His various ministries.  Why is the Spirit called the Spirit of Christ?

1) Because He is sent in the name of Christ.

But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name…” (John 14:26a).

2Because He is the Spirit sent by the Christ.

The Spirit is the principle of spiritual life by which men are born into the kingdom of God.  This new life of the Spirit is imparted and maintained by Christ (John 1:12, 13; 4:10; 7:38), who is also the baptizer with the Holy Spirit (Matthew 3:11).

3) The Holy Spirit is called the Spirit of Christ because His special mission in this age is to glorify Christ (John 16:14).

His special work is connected with Him who lived, died, rose, and ascended.  He makes real in believers what Christ has done for them.

The glorified Christ is present in the church and in believers by the Holy Spirit.  It is often said that the Spirit has come to take the place of Christ, but it is more correct to say that He has come to make Christ real.  The Holy Spirit makes possible and real the omnipresence of Christ in the world (Matthew 18:20) and His indwelling in believers.  The connection between Christ and the Spirit is so close that both Christ and the Spirit are said to dwell in the believer (Galatians 2:20; Romans 8:9,10), and the believer is both “in Christ” and “in the Spirit.”  Thanks to the Holy Spirit, the Life of Christ becomes our life in Christ.

C) The Comforter

Jesus Christ promised His disciples that after His ascension He would pray to the Father that He would send them another “Comforter” (John 14-16).

The sending of the Comforter does not mean that Christ has ceased to be the Helper and Advocate of His people.  John tells us that He still fulfills that office (1 John 2:1).  Christ, whose sphere of work is in heaven, defends the disciples against the charges of the “accuser of the brethren”; at the same time the Spirit, whose sphere of work is on earth, “silences the earthly adversaries of the Church through the victory of faith which overcomes the world.”  As Christ is Paraclete in heaven, so the Holy Ghost is Paraclete on earth.

The ascended Christ not only sends the Spirit but also manifests Himself by means of the Spirit.  In the flesh He could be in only one place at a time; in His ascended life He is omnipresent by the Spirit.  During His earthly life He was external to Man; by the Spirit He can dwell in the very depths of their souls.

D) The Holy Spirit

The Spirit is called Holy because He is the Spirit of the Holy One and because of the work he does.  The Greek word for spirit (pneuma) is the same word used for breath or wind.  As one’s breath breathes out from him so the Spirit proceeds out of the Father and the Son.  By the person of the Spirit we refer to the one who fulfills the function of the Trinity.  The Holy Spirit is a person distinct from the Father and the Son.

Therefore, the divine nature of the Holy Spirit is seen in His divine attributes, divine works, as well as the divine names attributed to Him.  The Holy Spirit is described in Scripture as the executor or applicator of the work of God.

Jesus promised that the Holy Spirit would complete His work as Comforter.  Jesus sending the Holy Spirit testifies that the Holy Spirit is His spirit.  Jesus promised that He would baptize with the Holy Spirit (Matthew 3:11; Luke 3:16; Acts 1:4-5).  It was by the Holy Spirit that Jesus offered Himself up to God as the spotless, sinless Lamb of God.  “How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God…” (Hebrews 9:14)

The Holy Spirit testifies of Christ’s ascension, and it is by the Holy Spirit that we call Jesus Lord.

The Holy Spirit is referred to as:

3) The Work of the Holy Spirit

In understanding the work of the Holy Spirit, it must be clear that all of the Persons of the Trinity are active in the work of each individual person.  The Father is the Author, the Son is the Executor, and the Spirit is the Energizer of each act.

The Holy Spirit is involved in the creation, restoration, and preservation of all things (Job 33:4; Genesis 1:2; Psalms 104:29-30).

A) In Relation to Unregenerate Man

The principle work of the Holy Spirit in relation to the unsaved is that of conviction.

1) He Strives.

“And the LORD said, My spirit shall not always strive with man, for that he also is flesh: yet his days shall be an hundred and twenty years” (Genesis 6:3).

2) He Witnesses.

“But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me” (John 15:26).

3) He Convicts and Convinces.

“Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.  Now when they heard this, they were pricked in their heart, and said unto Peter and to the rest of the apostles, Men and brethren, what shall we do?” (Acts 2:36-37).

B) In Relation to Believers

1) He regenerates.

“Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost” (Titus 3:5).

2) He baptizes into the body of Christ.

“And John bare record, saying, I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him.  And I knew him not: but he that sent me to baptize with water, the same said unto me, Upon whom thou shalt see the Spirit descending, and remaining on him, the same is he which baptizeth with the Holy Ghost.  And I saw, and bare record that this is the Son of God” (John 1:32-34).

“For as the body is one, and hath many members, and all the members of that one body, being many, are one body: so also is Christ.  For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free; and have been all made to drink into one Spirit” (1 Corinthians 12:12-13).

3) He indwells.

“Even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, neither knoweth him: but ye know him; for he dwelleth with you, and shall be in you” (John 14:17).

But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you.  Now if any man have not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his.  And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness.  But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwelleth in you (Romans 8:9-11).

4) He liberates.

“For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of sin and death” (Romans 8:2).

5) He directs.

“For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of God” (Romans 8:14).

6) He equips for service.

“For our gospel came not unto you in word only, but also in power, and in the Holy Ghost, and in much assurance; as ye know what manner of men we were among you for your sake” (1 Thessalonians 1:5).

“But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth” (Acts 1:8).

“And I, brethren, when I came to you, came not with excellency of speech or of wisdom, declaring unto you the testimony of God.  For I determined not to know any thing among you, save Jesus Christ, and him crucified.  And I was with you in weakness, and in fear, and in much trembling.  And my speech and my preaching was not with enticing words of man’s wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power:  That your faith should not stand in the wisdom of men, but in the power of God” (1 Corinthians 2:1-5).

7) He produces the fruit of Christ-like graces.

“But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, temperance: against such there is no law” (Galatians 5:22-23).

“I am crucified with Christ: nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me” (Galatians 2:20).

8) He makes possible all forms of communion with God.

“But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost” (Jude 20).

“Praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, and watching thereunto with all perseverance and supplication for all saints” (Ephesians 6:18).

9) He shall quicken the believer’s body

“But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwelleth in you.  And not only they, but ourselves also, which have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body” (Romans 8:11,23).

C) In Relation to Jesus Christ

Jesus Christ’s body was conceived by the Holy Spirit (Hebrews 10:4,5).  Christ was anointed with the Holy Spirit, led by the Holy Spirit, and filled with the Holy Spirit in order to accomplish His work and ministry.  Jesus sacrificially offered Himself through the Spirit.

“How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?” (Hebrews 9:14).

In the sacrifice of Himself, as in all else, Jesus Christ was directed by and dependent upon the Holy Spirit.  Jesus Christ was resurrected by the power of the Holy Spirit.

“But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwelleth in you” (Romans 8:11).

The Holy Spirit came on the day of Pentecost as the result of Christ’s ascension to the right hand of God as our High Priest.

“Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear” (Acts 2:33).

D) In Relation to the Scriptures

The Scriptures represent the Holy Spirit as the divine agent for the communication of the truth of God to men.

“Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation. For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost” (2 Peter 1:20-21).

The Scriptures were given by the inspiration of the Holy Spirit and their true interpretation is only possible through His illumination.

4) The Holy Spirit in the Book of Acts

Jesus dominates the Gospels, but in the book of Acts the Holy Spirit is indeed another comforter, helper, teacher and guide.  Jesus Christ is still the center of everything and the Holy Spirit exalts Christ and empowers the Church.  In all four Gospels, Jesus Christ is set forth as the Holy Spirit baptizer.

When the earthly ministry of Christ was coming to an end, and the Cross and the Resurrection were behind Him, Jesus announced to His disciples: “For John truly baptized with water; but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost not many days hence” (Acts 1:5).  Luke describes the fulfillment of the Lord’s promise in Acts 2.  The book of Acts begins by showing that the work of Jesus was continued by the Spirit.

In Acts, Luke describes the historical fulfillment of the promised outpouring and infilling of the Holy Spirit.  One hundred and twenty men and women were gathered in the city of Jerusalem waiting for the coming of the promised comforter.  For some time these believers continued in prayer and supplication, waiting in one accord.

“And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place.  And suddenly there came a sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting.  And there appeared unto them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them.  And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance” (Acts 2:1-4).

The multitudes, gathered in Jerusalem for Pentecost, saw and heard these believers when the Holy Spirit fell upon them.  The crowd was amazed at the speaking in tongues and the powerful anointed preaching of Peter.

The Spirit was Christ’s ascension gift to the Church.  It was this point that Peter emphasized to the multitudes on the Day of Pentecost.  “Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear” (Acts 2:33).

In response to the outpouring of the Spirit, Peter said, “He hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear” (Acts 2:33).  Literally, he was saying, “All that you see flows from Him.”  This is the communication of the Holy Ghost from the hands of the exalted Redeemer.  He is the unique dispenser of the Spirit.  He is the bearer of the Spirit.  The whole fountain of the Spirit is His that He might pour it forth upon His followers.  He is the funnel through which the Spirit becomes available to believers.  He is the Holy Ghost baptizer.  One cannot receive the Spirit except through Him.

The outpouring of the Spirit was direct evidence that Jesus was with the Father.  It was a witness of the Resurrection, which was consummated and crowned in glory.  It was a testimony of the Lordship of Christ, and the divine fulfillment of the promise that could not find its accomplishment until the Son of Man had been glorified.

In that last day, the great day of the feast, Jesus stood and cried,

“If any man thirst, let him come unto me, and drink.  He that believeth on me, as the scripture hath said, out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water.  But this spake he of the Spirit, which they that believe on him should receive: for the Holy Ghost was not yet given; because that Jesus was not yet glorified” (John 7:37-39).

A) The Feast of Pentecost (Weeks)

The Feast of Pentecost was a spring harvest festival.  It was the second of the three annual festivals at which every male Israelite was required to appear before the Lord at the sanctuary.  The Day of Pentecost was celebrated on the fiftieth day after the presentation of the first harvested sheaf of the barley harvest, the fiftieth day from the first Sunday after Passover (Leviticus 23:15).

Pentecost in Acts 2 is considered to be the founding of the Christian church.  This began what has been called the dispensation of the Spirit.  On the morning of the day of Pentecost in the year of our Lord’s passion, the waiting disciples experienced a sound out of heaven as of a violent wind.  It filled all the house where they were sitting, and there appeared to them cloven tongues as of fire coming on each of them.  They were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit gave them the utterance or ability.

B) Speaking in Tongues

The Initial Evidence of the Spirit Baptism

On the Day of Pentecost, the disciples were filled with the Holy Spirit.  The spiritual baptism foretold by Joel and John and promised afresh by the Lord was now an accomplished fact.  In the Old Testament a normal consequence of a man’s being possessed by the Spirit of God was that he prophesied (spoke the words of God aloud).  The descent of the Spirit on the disciples at Pentecost was manifested by prophetic speech of a peculiar kind.  They “began to speak in other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance.”

When speaking in tongues, the speaker’s words are partially or completely beyond his conscious control, and they are uttered in a language of which he has no command in normal circumstances.  However, tongues or prophecies are not a guarantee of the presence of the Holy Spirit.  The believer must not “believe every spirit,” but “prove the spirits, whether they be of God” (1 John 4:1).  On the day of Pentecost, the Holy Spirit enabled many believers to speak in sixteen languages and dialects from around the world known by those gathered in Jerusalem.

Neither Aramaic nor Greek was an unknown tongue to the apostles and Jews of Palestine.  However, this great crowd of Jews and Proselytes from all over the known world represented many language groups totally unknown by the apostles.  To their surprise these pilgrims heard the praises of God in all their tongues (languages).  The event has been described as nothing less than a reversal of the curse of Babel.

The “speaking in tongues” had gathered a large crowd around the disciples.  Now Peter stood up and began to address those who had gathered.  There is no suggestion that Peter spoke in a tongue unknown to himself, but he did speak with the divine inspiration and anointing of the Holy Spirit.  Peter preached Jesus Christ to be the Lord and Messiah, and he preached the death and resurrection of Christ.  This first apostolic sermon declared the Lordship of Jesus Christ, called for repentance, and announced the birth of the church, which became the basis of the kerygma, the apostle’s doctrine.

In the weeks following the first Christian Pentecost, the believers met daily in the temple for public worship and witness.  Many miracles took place and great numbers were added to the church.

Peter preached that the Holy Spirit is given to those who obey God (Acts 5:32).  Baptism in the Holy Spirit requires a yielding of the believer to the control of the Spirit.  Speaking in tongues did not cease when the disciples left the upper room.  It continued in the streets of the city.  Days later it continued to occur in homes like that of Cornelius.  It happened in Ephesus, Corinth, and throughout the world.  It has occurred throughout every age from the early church until the present.

Speaking in tongues was so common in the early church that, when Paul wrote his first letter to the Corinthian church, he spent a lot of time teaching them not to abuse this gift.  He stressed a true sensitivity to the Spirit.  Paul plainly told them, “I thank my God that I speak in tongues more than you all” (1 Corinthians 14:18), and “I would that ye all spake with tongues” (1 Corinthians 14:5a).

Even though there has always been conflicting views, Pentecostals have always believed that speaking in tongues is the initial evidence of the Baptism in the Holy Spirit.  Speaking in tongues as the Spirit gives the utterance is the announcement that the Helper has come to enable us to fulfill God’s will and to praise God in the freedom of the Spirit.

5) The Gifts of the Holy Spirit

The gift of the Holy Spirit is the Holy Spirit Himself.  No other gifts compare to the person of the Holy Spirit dwelling in His fullness in the believer.  The Holy Spirit makes available to the body of Christ divine endowments or enablements, which are referred to as special graces, skills, abilities, or gifts.  The Greek word translated “gift” is charismata, meaning “grace gift,” from the Greek word for grace, charis.  These gifts are to empower the church to serve as Christ’s representatives in bringing the Gospel to the world.

The gift of the Holy Spirit is for all believers.  John the Baptist preached, “I baptize you with water, but He (Jesus Christ) will baptize you with the Holy Spirit” (Mark 1:8).  The gifts of the Holy Spirit are available to the body of Christ as God chooses to endow obedient, spirit-filled believers.

A) What are Spiritual Gifts?

Spiritual gifts are not the fruit of the Spirit listed in Galatians 5:22-23.  They are not for self-glory; nor are they divisive.  “But the manifestation of the Spirit is given to every man to profit withal” (1 Corinthians 12:7).  In that same passage, verse eleven, it tells us that all the spiritual gifts are operated by “the selfsame Spirit, dividing to every man severally as He will.”  It is not our choice to choose this particular gift, or that one.  Neither do we possess the gifts.  Rather, we allow ourselves to be possessed by the Holy Spirit by submitting to His will and allowing Him to operate the gifts as He pleases.  We must simply be available, and the Holy Spirit knows which gifts are needed for a particular situation.  If we will but pray, then obey, the manifestations of the Spirit will align perfectly with God’s will for our lives.

Spiritual gifts are not natural talents.  Natural abilities or developed skills are not divine enablements.  If we work God’s work using only our talents, natural abilities, education, training and experience, we will achieve only natural results.  Spiritual gifts are divine enablements or endowments.  They make possible the achievement of supernatural results.

There is a definite purpose in the gifts.  Ephesians 4:12 tells us that the gifts are “For the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ.”  These gifts are to profit the entire body of the church, not just the spiritually “elite.”  Each person in the body has something to contribute.  We must seek to discover where we are needed the most, and enter into the ministry of and through the Holy Spirit (Romans 12:6-8).

After Pentecost, the spiritual gifts promised in the Old Testament were present in the Christian church.  The Old Testament supplies us with a background for our understanding of the New Testament passages concerning spiritual gifts.  We know these gifts existed from the first man, through the silent period between the Testaments.  Now we will address the New Testament.

In the book of Mark we see that Jesus was Spirit led into the wilderness (1:12).  In the book of Luke (4:14) we find Jesus in the “power of the Spirit” teaching in the synagogues.  Jesus, speaking to the crowd, says:

“The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because He hath anointed Me to preach the gospel to the poor; He hath sent Me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised.  To preach the acceptable year of the Lord” (Luke 4:18-19).

The promise of Joel 2:28, however, could not be fulfilled until Christ was taken up, and the Comforter was sent in His place.  Jesus had said, “…If any man thirst, let him come unto me, and drink.  He that believeth on me, as the scripture hath said, out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water” (John 7:37b-38).  John then explained, “But this spake he of the Spirit, which they that believe on him should receive: for the Holy Ghost was not yet given; because that Jesus was not yet glorified” (John 7:39).  Jesus later said, “…It is expedient for you that I go away: for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you; but if I depart, I will send him unto you” (John 16:7).  This prophecy was poured out on the day of Pentecost.  Perhaps one of the most quoted passages is from the book of Acts, chapter two, verse 4:  “And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance.”

B) Charismata through the Ages

Spiritual gifts did not cease during the ages of the Christian church.  There have been evidences from many sources of the charismata through the ages since the apostles.

One of the first documents to be found from the sub-Apostolic period, was The Didache (i.e., The Doctrine of the Twelve Apostles).  It was written in Syria during the second half of the first century AD.  The word didache comes from the Greek word that means doctrine or teaching.  Philotheus Bryennius discovered this text in Istanbul in 1873, who translated and published it ten years later.  The Didache discusses the authenticity of charismatic gifts, and is important to us because it is independent of Paul’s writing.

Another source is the writings of Clement of Rome.  An example of this writing may be found in 1 Clement 38:2, which states:  “Therefore, let our whole body be preserved in Christ Jesus, and let each be subject to his neighbor, as his gift dictates.”  Clement used the same Greek word for “gift” that Paul did in Romans 12:6 and 1 Corinthians 12:4.

Ignatius of Antioch was another writer from this period.  He wrote seven letters, in which we may find examples of him mentioning the charismata: Polycarp 2:2, “But ask for invisible things so that they may be made manifest to you, in order that you may lack nothing and abound with all gifts.”

During the second century, we find several writings that would be considered contrasting with Christianity.  Montanism is a movement that many have labeled as heretical.  Many are familiar with Montanism due to the writings of Tertullian.  R.A. Knox has the following to say about Montanism:

The history of Montanism is not to be read as that of a great spiritual revival, maligned by its enemies.  It is that of naked fanaticism, which tried to stampede the Church into greater severity, when she had not forgotten how to be severe. (R. A. Knox, Enthusiasm, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1950, p. 49)

Justin Martyr was a second century apologist who defended Christianity through his writings and taught others about Christ and the charismata.  Justin wrote a letter to Caesar defending the Faith.  In his Dialogue With Trypho he said, “…the prophetical gifts remain with us, even to the present time…It is possible to see amongst us women and men who possess gifts of the Spirit of God.”  Dr. Ronald A. N. Kydd tells us that “Justin is unique among the early Fathers in his treatment of charismata.”  Kydd continues by saying, “He is the first writer outside of the New Testament to give what can be regarded as teaching about the spiritual gifts which had characterized the Early Church from its beginning.”

As we continue through the ages, we have proof of the existence of the charismata through the writings of various scholars and people groups.  Documentation exists from the 12th century (St. Bernard, Richard of St. Victor), the 13th century (Saint Thomas), the 14th century (Henry of Friemar, Richard Rolle), and the 15th century (Thomas a Kempis, Denis the Carthusian).

Another example is that of Novatian, a priest in Rome in the mid-third century.  He wrote a major theological work entitled Concerning the Trinity in 240 AD.  In the section devoted to the Holy Spirit he said,

“Indeed this is He who appoints prophets in the Church, instructs teachers, directs tongues, brings into being powers and conditions of health, carries on extraordinary works, furnishes discernment of spirits, incorporates administrations in the Church, establishes plans, brings together and arranges all other gifts there are of the charismata and by reason of this makes the Church of God everywhere perfect in everything and complete.”  (Ronald A. N. Kydd, Charismatic Gifts in the Early Church, Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 1984, p. 61)

In the late 1800s, there was much discontent over creeds and rituals in the institutionalized churches in North America.  This eventually led to the formation of a group which called themselves the Christian Union (1886).  This group later became known as the Church of God.  Charles W. Conn, historian for the Church of God, recounts the great outpouring of the Holy Ghost during the revival at Shearer Schoolhouse in Cherokee County, North Carolina:

“The people earnestly sought God, and the interest increased until unexpectedly, like a cloud from a clear sky, the Holy Ghost began to fall on the honest, humble, sincere seekers after God.  While the meetings were in progress, one after another fell under the power of God, and soon quite a number were speaking in other tongues as the Spirit gave them utterance.”

Conn records that the Christian Union later changed its name to the Holiness Church (1902), and finally to its present form, the Church of God (1907).  The Church of God, along with many other movements, has struggled to find and keep its identity in a world of established denominations.  We can, however, look forward to a fruitful future if we continue to support the continuity of the spiritual gifts, and allow them to be operated in our congregations.

C) Gifts of the Holy Spirit

 1 Corinthians 12:8-10, 28: Gifts of the Holy Spirit 

1) Word of Wisdom

a) Supernatural perspective to ascertain the divine means for accomplishing God’s will in given situations.

b) Divinely given power to appropriate spiritual intuition in problem-solving.

c) Sense of divine direction.

d) Being led by the Holy Spirit to act appropriately in a given set of circumstances.

e) Knowledge rightly applied: wisdom working interactively with knowledge and discernment.

2) Word of Knowledge

a) Supernatural revelation of the divine will and plan.

b) Supernatural insight or understanding of circumstances or a body of facts by revelation: that is, without assistance of any human resource but solely by divine aid.

c) Implies a deeper and more advanced understanding of the communicated acts of God.

d) Involves moral wisdom for right living and relationship.

e) Requires objective understanding concerning divine things in human duties.

f) May also refer to knowledge of God or of the things that belong to God, as related to the Gospel.

3) Faith

a) Supernatural ability to believe God without doubt.

b) Supernatural ability to combat unbelief.

c) Supernatural ability to meet adverse circumstances with trust in God’s messages and words.

d) Inner conviction impelled by an urgent and higher calling.

4) Gifts of Healing

a) Refers to supernatural healing without human aid.

b) May include divinely assisted application of human instrumentation and medical means of treatment.

c)Does not discount the use of God’s creative gifts.

5) Working of Miracles

a) Supernatural power to intervene and counteract earthly and evil forces.

b) Literally means a display of power giving the ability to go beyond the natural.

c) Operates closely with the gifts of faith and healings to bring authority over sin, Satan, sickness and the binding forces of this age.

6) Prophecy

a) Divinely inspired and anointed utterance.

b) Supernatural proclamation in a known language.

c) Manifestation of the Spirit of God – not of intellect (1 Corinthians 12:7).

d) May be possessed and operated by all who have the infilling of the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 14:31).

Intellect, faith, and will are operative in this gift, but its exercise is not intellectually based.  It is calling forth words from the Spirit of God.  The gift of prophecy and the office of the prophet are not the same.  Any Spirit-filled believer may prophesy according to the will of the Spirit, but that does not necessarily mean that the believer is called to the office of a prophet.

7) Discerning of Spirits

a) Supernatural power to detect the realm of the spirits and their activities.

b) Implies the power of spiritual insight – supernatural revelation of plans and purposes of the enemy and his forces.

8) Different Kinds of Tongues

a) Supernatural utterance in languages not known to the speaker: these languages may exist in the world, be revived from some past culture, or be “unknown” in the sense that they are a means of communication inspired by the Holy Spirit (Isaiah 28:11; Mark 16:17; Acts 2:4; 10:44-48; 19:1-7; 1 Corinthians 12:10; 28-31; 14:2, 4-22, 26-32).  “Though I speak with the tongues of men and of angels…” (1 Corinthians 13:1).

b) Three manifestations of tongues:
– To serve as an evidence and sign of the indwelling and working of the Holy Spirit (Acts 2:4; 10:44-46; 1 Corinthians 14:22).
– To serve as a supernatural language of prayer, praise, and worship (Acts 2:6-11; 10:46; 19:6; Romans 8:26; 1 Corinthians 14:2, 4, 14-15; Jude 20).
– To serve as a means of delivering messages from the Spirit to the church.  This requires an interpretation. (1 Corinthians 14:21, 26-28)

9) Interpretation of Tongues

a) Supernatural power to reveal the meaning of tongues.

b) Functions not as an operation of the mind of man but as the mind of the Spirit.

c) Does not serve as a translation (an interpreter never understands the tongue he is interpreting), but rather is a declaration of meaning.

d) Is exercised as a miraculous and supernatural phenomenon as are the gift of speaking in tongues and the gift of prophecy.

CONCLUSION

Through His mercy and grace, God has provided salvation to those who accept it through faith in Jesus Christ.  God has also provided spiritual gifts through the ministry of the Holy Spirit.

The gifts of the Holy Spirit are specifically available to every believer as the Holy Spirit distributes them (1 Corinthians 12:11).  They are not to be merely acknowledged in a passive way, but rather are to be actively welcomed and expected (1 Corinthians 13:1; 14:1).